Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a condition in which the prostate gland enlarges, causing obstruction or compression of the urethra. It is a common condition in aging men, and is often referred to as an enlarged prostate.
Symptoms of BPH include difficulty starting urination, weak or interrupted urine flow, frequent urination, increased urgency to urinate, and the feeling of incomplete bladder emptying. BPH can also lead to complications such as urinary tract infections, bladder stones, and kidney damage if left untreated.
Diagnosis of BPH typically involves a physical exam, a digital rectal exam, and various tests such as a urine flow test, ultrasound, and a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test to rule out prostate cancer.
Treatment options for BPH include lifestyle changes such as limiting fluids before bedtime, avoiding alcohol and caffeine, and regular exercise. Medications such as alpha-blockers and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors may also be prescribed to help manage symptoms. In more severe cases, outpatient minimally invasive procedures such as REZUM (hot steam treatment) or Echolaser can be recommended, or classic surgical procedures, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), open transvesical prostatectomy or laser surgery.
